• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to foundry and can be used in the casting of highly reactive materials with respect to the atmosphere, such as magnesium alloys, in casting with a counter-pressure in permanent forms and in the use of protective gases. The method of casting under pressure includes filling the mold under gas pressure or under the action of a pressure difference in a sealed chamber 1 with crucible 2 and a sealed chamber 19 with a mold 13, crystallizing the alloy and removing the casting. After the casting mold 13 is filled with a melt or. After the alloy has crystallized over the melt in a metal pipeline, a gas pressure of the same composition is created as in the sealed chamber 1 with crucible 2, and before the start of pouring, the sealed chamber 19 with the mold 13 is purged with gas of the same composition as and in a sealed chamber 1. The latter is connected by means of a metal conductor to a mold 13 placed on the intermediate plate 12. The metal conduit is made of two sprues - the main 6, I have (L CX) with O5
    公开号:SU1287976A1
    申请号:SU817772195
    申请日:1981-12-07
    公开日:1987-02-07
    发明作者:Николов Димов Иван
    申请人:Институт По Металлознание И Технология На Металите (Инопредприятие)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Expansion 6, and additional 18. The volume of the main sprue 6 is communicated by pipeline with valve f to the volume of the sealed chamber 1. After sealing the chamber 19, the valves in and Ci are opened and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 is filled with nitrogen until pressure is equal to the pressure in chamber 1, whereupon the valve f closes. The shut-off valve 10 opens, the cylinder 16 moves the intermediate plate 12 downward, the additional gate 18 enters expansion 6 of the main gate 6. The valves Ci and g close and the valve opens, controlling the casting process, and the valves g.
    The invention relates to foundry, in particular to casting in metal molds under gas pressure or under the action of a pressure difference.
    A known method of casting with backpressure, in which, under the action of the pressure difference in a sealed chamber with crucible and a sealed chamber with a casting mold, the melt passes through the metal conduit and fills the mold, a gas backpressure acts in the sealed chamber with a casting mold. After the crystallization of the casting is completed, the pressure of the compressed gas is released, the chamber with the casting mold is opened and the casting is removed (New in low pressure casting. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1971, p. 132-133).
    The disadvantage is the high gas consumption during the casting process, which is not only energetically disadvantageous, but also leads to a change in the quality of the subsequent castings due to an imbalance between the dissolved gas and other volatile components of the melt and the partial pressures of these components in the gas phase, located above the melt.
    A known low-pressure casting machine, comprising a sealed crucible chamber for the melt, closed by an intermediate plate with a metal conduit fixed on it, and a sealed chamber with a lid, having a drive for its vertical movement. The mold is installed on the intermediate plate. The blender connected to the hydraulic cylinder closes the metal pipe to stop supplying the metal to the mold. (The pressure in chamber 1 rises. The melt rises along the metal pipe, the sulfur dioxide is displaced or argon. The mold 13 is filled with melt. After solidification of the casting, valves C and Ci are opened , the pressure is released to atmospheric in the volume between the cylinder 5 and the skin. X. 8 and the volume around the mold. The valve gj is closed and the valve g is opened, the differential pressure meter is switched on to read the pressure in the sealed chamber 1. After removal of the casting mold set 13 is made for the next cycle. 2. 4 and z.p.f BACKGROUND yl 4.
    low pressure casting. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1974, p. 132-133).
    The disadvantage of the machine is the presence of complex devices for maintaining a certain pressure while filling the mold with a gradual decrease in the level of the melt in the crucible.
    In addition, seals between the surfaces of individual elements in the machine do not
    protected against possible contact with the melt, which leads to the use of plastically deformable elements, which must often be replaced because of their rapid wear.
    The object of the invention is to create
    method and machine for casting under pressure with advanced technological capabilities as when casting various materials, and when working with various molds, and should be
    pechen filling with the same pressure
    consistently used molds, and as a result of this - obtaining castings of the same quality.
    This task is solved by a method that includes filling the mold.
    under gas pressure or under the action of pressure difference in a sealed crucible chamber and a sealed chamber with a casting mold, crystallization of the alloy and casting extraction, while the pressure in the pressurized chambers is created using gases of different composition, after the mold is filled with the melt or after it is crystallized above the melt in the metal pipeline, they create gas pressure of the same composition as in the sealed chamber
    with a crucible, and before the start of pouring a sealed chamber with a mold
    blown with gas of the same composition as in a sealed chamber with crucible.
    The task of the invention was also solved by means of a machine, containing a sealed crucible chamber for the melt, an intermediate plate with a metal conduit attached to it, a sealed chamber 19 with a lid and driving it upright, mounted on an intermediate plate.
    water with a mold 13. 13. The metal wire is made of two separate sprues - the main 6 and the additional 18. The main sprue has an extension 6 in which the additional sprue 18 is placed. The main sprue 6 is closed by a flange cover 7 with an opening 7, through which it is connected to the intermediate stove 12.
    On the lower surface of the intermediate plate 12 is fixed casing 8, in which
    and a cutter 10 placed in the box 8, a cylinder 5 is disposed. The casing 8 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 1m I, equipped with a cover 4 installed on the sealed chamber 1, a neck 4, a casing 8 fixed to the outer surface of the cylinder b by means of a sliding seal 9 and has a bed 8, in which the cutter 10, connected to the horizontal hydraulic plate, - and cylinder 5, is located (is located in the casing and attached to the throat 4, with the cutter 10 with the hydraulic cylinder 11 times ew, on the casing 8 ene, methyl talloprovod configured as an attachment to the cylinder 5 of the main sprue 6
    expansion 6 and a flange cover 7 20 with a daily slab 12 and with a vertical guide and additional gate 18, a mixing cylinder 20. A Germegizir in the expansion 6 of the main gate 6, and the volume of the main gate 6 is connected to the pipeline with valve f volume of the sealed chamber. The casing 8 25 is connected to the outer surface of the cylinder
    The casting mold 13 is installed on the intermediate plate 12 and an additional gate 18 is attached to the mold 13. The casting mold 13 is placed in a sealed chamber 19 connected to the promechanized chamber 19 consists of two parts - the upper 19 and the lower cylindrical 19.
    Intermediate plate 12 is attached by means of G4 columns to transverse 5 by means of a sliding seal 9. traverse 15, which is connected to the piston between the cylinder 5 and the second vertical hydraulic casing 8, connected to the volume of the sealed cylinder 16. Example 1 the pipeline from the clan is fastened with vertical hydraulic cyn fj and pressure gauge Mj. The volume is 30 lindr 20, and the vertical hydraulic main sprue 6, the volume of the sealed chamber 1 and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 are connected by pipeline to valves and a pressure gauge35
    45
    lazy MI, and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 is connected through a pipeline with a valve C with a volume between the casing 8 and the cylinder 5.
    In addition, the machine is equipped with a lever mechanism 21 with a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22, fixed 40 on the main gate 6, while in the bottom of the sealed chamber 1 with crucible 2 for the melt there is a recess 23.
    FIG. 1 shows a gas machine with gas back pressure, a slit; in fig. 2 - metal pipeline with a casting mold before connecting the main sprue with the casting mold; in fig. 3 shows a machine in which the sealed chamber together with the main sprue is movable; in fig. 4 is the same in which the main sprue is movable.
    The machine contains a sealed chamber 1 in which crucible 2 for melt 3 is placed. The sealed chamber 1 is closed by a cover 4 with a neck 4. The cylinder 5 with an internal flange 5 is attached to the neck 4. The sealed chamber I is connected by means of metal 50
    55
    cylinder 16 is attached to support 1 /.
    The volume of the main sprue (5 is connected to the nose of the first pipeline through valve f with the volume of the sealed chamber 1.
    The volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 is connected to the volume of the sealed chamber 1 by means of a second pipeline through the second valve f; and the pressure gauge M; is also installed; The volume of the sealed chamber 19 and the volume of the sealed chamber 1 are connected via a third pipe through the third g and fourth g valves, and a differential pressure meter M is installed. The volume of the sealed chamber 19 is connected via a fifth pipe and a fifth valve with the space between the casing 8 and cylinder 5.
    According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a lever mechanism 21 is connected to the main runner 6 for moving it in a vertical direction and connected to a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22. At the bottom of the tank 2 for the melt 3, a recess 23 is formed.
    An example of the implementation of the method and machine is considered when casting materials that are highly reactive with respect to the atmosphere, for example, magnesium alloys, when casting with back pressure in a constant
    water with a mold 13. 13. The metal wire is made of two separate sprues - the main 6 and the additional 18. The main sprue has an extension 6 in which the additional sprue 18 is placed. The main sprue 6 is closed by a flange cover 7 with an opening 7, through which it is connected to the intermediate stove 12.
    On the lower surface of the intermediate plate 12 is fixed casing 8, in which
    cylinder 5 is located. Casing 8 is connected
     cylinder 5 is located. Casing 8 is connected
    with the outer surface of the cylinder b by means of a sliding seal 9 and has a bed 8 in which a slam-shut 10 is placed, connected to a horizontal hydraulic cylinder P.
    per diem slab 12 and with a vertical hydraulic cylinder 20. Germegiziro-
    The casting mold 13 is installed on the intermediate plate 12 and an additional sprue 18 is attached to the casting mold 13. The casting mold 13 is placed in a sealed chamber 19 connected to the intermediate slab 12 and to the vertical hydraulic cylinder 20.
    Bath chamber 19 consists of two parts - the upper 19 and lower cylindrical 19.
    It is equipped with a second vertical hydraulic cylinder 16. A vertical hydraulic cylinder 20 and a vertical hydraulic cylinder are attached to the transverse traverse 15.
    five
    0
    0
    five
    cylinder 16 is attached to support 1 /.
    The volume of the main sprue (5 is connected to the nose of the first pipeline through valve f with the volume of the sealed chamber 1.
    The volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 is connected to the volume of the sealed chamber 1 by means of a second pipeline through the second valve f; and the pressure gauge M; is also installed; The volume of the sealed chamber 19 and the volume of the sealed chamber 1 are connected via a third pipe through the third g and fourth g valves, and a differential pressure meter M is installed. The volume of the sealed chamber 19 is connected via a fifth pipe and a fifth valve with the space between the casing 8 and cylinder 5.
    According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a lever mechanism 21 is connected to the main runner 6 for moving it in a vertical direction and connected to a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22. At the bottom of the tank 2 for the melt 3, a recess 23 is formed.
    An example of the implementation of the method and machine is considered when casting materials that are highly reactive with respect to the atmosphere, for example, magnesium alloys, when casting with back pressure in a constant
    a mold and the use of two gases: protected in a sealed chamber with crucible sulfur dioxide or argon and creating a back pressure in the mold of nitrogen.
    In the initial position, the upper part of the mold 13 is removed, the sealed chamber 19 is open, and the flange lid 7 of the main sprue 6 is closed by a slam-shut 10. The volume in the sealed chamber 1 with crucible 2 for the melt 3 is filled with sulfur dioxide or argon or a mixture of two gases with the required pressure. The valve f is open and the gas pressure in the volume of the hermetic chamber 1 and the volume of the main gate 6 above the melt 3 equal - tS is not large, and its value is measured by a differential pressure gauge M with the valve q open and valve qi closed. The valves a, b, c, d, f., Are closed.
    The casting process is carried out as follows.
    The sealed chamber 19 is closed together with the upper part of the mold 13 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 20. Valves 0 and c are opened
    which is specific to the configuration of the working cavity of the mold 13. After filling the mold 13, the arrow of the differential pressure gauge M begins to deflect quickly and with a known, predetermined value of the difference between the pressure counted by it, the valve closes a.
    After the casting solidifies in the mold 13, valves with and Cj open, the volume around the mold 13 and the volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 release. given from the pressure, and nitrogen is released from the space of the mold 13. In the volume between the cylinder 5 and the housings 8 sulfur dioxide or argon continues to act at a pressure equal to the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. Pressure gauges. M and M have zero readings. The valve g is closed and the valve g is opened, and the differential pressure gauge M is switched on to read the pressure in the crucible 2 for the melt 3.
    Valves with and Cj normally closed. The outlet of the discharge pipe after the valve Ci is raised above the level between 20
    the volume of the sealed chamber 19 of the filling plate 12, which does not allow the air to proceed with nitrogen until the pressure equalizes to penetrate into the volume between the cylinder 5 and
    casing
    35
    40
    the pressure in the sealed chamber 1, which is indicated by the zero reading of the differential pressure gauge M, after which the valve in is closed. The cutter 10 opens, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 16 moves the intermediate plate 12 down to the stop against the elastic seal located on the flange lid 7 of the main sprue 6. At this point, the additional sprue 18 enters extension 6 of the main sprue 6. A closing signal is given valves ci and g and opening valve a controlling the casting process, and valves fi and gj.
    The pressure in the sealed chamber 1 begins to increase. The melt 3 rises along the main sprue 6, pushing out the sulfuric anhydride or argon located there. At this time, the differential pressure gauge M shows a slight overpressure resulting from the throttling effect of the ventilation channels of the mold 13. When the melt 3 reaches the lower end of the additional gate 18, it continues to rise along it, pushing the easier nitrogen out of the mold 13 it is driven by sulfur dioxide or argon.
    The mold 13 is filled with a melt that is almost continuously in contact with sulfur dioxide or argon. Before the mold 13 is filled with melt, a differential pressure gauge M shows an increase in pressure as a function of time
    45
    50
    55
    during the opening of the mold 13. If necessary, the valve Cj can be closed during the opening of the mold 13. The layer of heavy protective gas in the volume between the feeders and the lower end of the additional gate 18 also prevents air from entering the volume closed between the cylinder 5, the casing 8 and the intermediate plate 11.
    After the casting is cooled to a temperature at which it can be removed, the upper part of the mold 13 is opened and the casting is ready, the mold is removed and the mold is prepared for the next cycle.
    The use of the invention makes it possible to reduce the gas flow rate for creating and maintaining pressure in the crucible for the melt, to ensure complete protection of the melt in the metal conduit against the effects of air or gas that is in the mold. It is possible to blow the mold before the next cycle with a gas of the same composition as the gas in the crucible for the melt. It is possible to increase or decrease the partial pressure of this active doping gas in a short time before filling the mold at the same time in the melt tank, main sprue and in the mold. This affects the structure formation, providing a delay in the solid solution of the doping gas in the molded part in accordance with a stepwise change in its solubility
    which is specific to the configuration of the working cavity of the mold 13. After filling the mold 13, the arrow of the differential pressure gauge M starts to deflect quickly and with a known, predetermined value of the difference between the pressure counted by it, the valve closes a.
    After the casting solidifies in the mold 13, the valves C and Cj open, the volume around the mold 13 and the volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 are released from pressure, and nitrogen is released from the space of the mold 13. In the volume between the cylinder 5 and the housings 8 sulfur dioxide or argon continues to operate at a pressure equal to that of the surrounding atmosphere. Pressure gauges. M and M have zero readings. The valve g is closed and the valve g is opened, and the differential pressure gauge M is switched on to read the pressure in the crucible 2 for the melt 3.
    Valves with and Cj normally closed. The outlet of the discharge pipe after the valve Ci is raised above the level
    casing
    five
    0
    0
    five
    0
    five
    during the opening of the mold 13. If necessary, the valve Cj can be closed during the opening of the mold 13. The layer of heavy protective gas in the volume between the feeders and the lower end of the additional gate 18 also prevents air from entering the volume closed between the cylinder 5, the casing 8 and the intermediate plate 11.
    After the casting is cooled to a temperature at which it can be removed, the upper part of the mold 13 is opened and the casting is ready, the mold is removed and the mold is prepared for the next cycle.
    The use of the invention makes it possible to reduce the gas flow rate for creating and maintaining pressure in the crucible for the melt, to ensure complete protection of the melt in the metal conduit against the effects of air or gas that is in the mold. It is possible to blow the mold before the next cycle with a gas of the same composition as the gas in the crucible for the melt. It is possible to increase or decrease the partial pressure of this active doping gas in a short time before filling the mold at the same time in the melt tank, main sprue and in the mold. This affects the structure formation, providing a delay in the solid solution of the doping gas in the molded part in accordance with a stepwise change in its solubility
    during the phase transition to the solid-liquid state.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    zhuha 8 and attached to the neck 4, while the cutter 10 with hydraulic tiller LINDR9M 11 is placed on the casing 8, the metal conductor is made in the form of a main gate 6 attached to the cylinder 5 with extension 6 and a flange cover 7 and an additional gate 18 placed in spacing 6 of the main sprue 6, and the volume of the main sprue 6 is connected via a pipeline to the valve f with a volume of hermetic 1. Method of casting under pressure, which includes filling the mold through a metal pipeline under gas pressure or under the action of a pressure difference in a sealed chamber with a crucible and a sealed chamber with a mold, crystallized chamber 1. The alloying of the alloy and the removal of casting, from-3. The maschina according to claim 2, characterized in that
    characterized in that the pressure in the seal, that the shell 8 is connected to the outer surface of the chambers, is created by means of a cylinder 5 by means of slides of different composition, while after filling the seal 9.
    casting the mold with a melt or after 4. Machine in PP. 2 and 3, characterized by its crystallization above the melt in the metal pipeline, a gas pressure of the same composition is created as in the sealed chamber with crucible, and before the start of pouring, the sealed chamber with the mold
    The fact that the volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 is connected to the volume of the sealed chamber 1 through a pipeline, and to the valve fj and the pressure gauge MI.
    blown with gas of the same composition as in a sealed chamber with a crucible.
    2. An injection molding machine containing a sealed chamber with a crucible for pacnjjaBa, an intermediate plate with a metal conduit fixed on it, a sealed chamber 19 with a lid and a drive of its vertical movement, a mold installed on the intermediate plate and placed in The bed 8 is a cutter 10 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 11, characterized in that it iO is provided with a cover 4 mounted on the sealed chamber 1 with a neck 4, a casing 8 fixed on the intermediate plate and the cylinder 5 is located nym in Ko5. Maschina on PP. 2-4, characterized in that the volume of the main sprue 6, the volume of the sealed chamber 1 and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 are connected by means of a pipeline with valves g and g and a pressure meter Af, and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 is connected by means of a pipeline C to valve C volume between the casing 8 and the cylinder 5.
    [2]
    6. Maschina PP, 2-5, characterized in that it is equipped with a lever mechanism 21 with a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22 mounted on the main sprue b, while in the bottom of the sealed chamber 1 with the crucible 2 for the melt is made a recess 23.
    zhuha 8 and attached to the neck 4, while the cutter 10 with hydraulic tiller LINDR9M 11 is placed on the casing 8, the metal conductor is made in the form of a main gate 6 attached to the cylinder 5 with extension 6 and a flange cover 7 and an additional gate 18 placed in spacing 6 of the main sprue 6, and the volume of the main sprue 6 is connected by pipeline with valve f to the volume of the sealed chamber 1.
    [3]
    3. Maschina under item 2, characterized in that
    4. Machine on PP. 2 and 3, characterized with
    [4]
    The fact that the volume between the cylinder 5 and the casing 8 is connected to the volume of the sealed chamber 1 through a pipeline, and to the valve fj and the pressure gauge MI.
    4. Machine on PP. 2 and 3, characterized with
    5. Maschina on PP. 2-4, characterized in that the volume of the main sprue 6, the volume of the sealed chamber 1 and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 are connected by means of a pipeline with valves g and g and a pressure meter Af, and the volume of the sealed chamber 19 is connected by means of a pipeline C to valve C volume between the casing 8 and the cylinder 5.
    [5]
    6. Maschina PP, 2-5, characterized in that it is equipped with a lever mechanism 21 with a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22 mounted on the main sprue b, while in the bottom of the sealed chamber 1 with the crucible 2 for the melt is made a recess 23.
    [6]
    P
    Compiled by L. Zhukova
    Editor S. PekarTehred I. VeresKorrektor V. But ha
    Order 7750/11 Circulation 763Subscription
    VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries
    113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4
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